In the words of my combinatorics professor, Dave Bayer:

> It is hard to shed prejudices about how code should look, even if learning to see clearly past convention is the only good reason to be a mathematician. I'm already quite sure how I will die: I'll read another article on Hacker News about a new programming language where I see nothing new, and I'll read that they included {}; to make C programmers comfortable. I'll have a massive stroke.

"In addition to missing lowercase, ASCII 1963 and the Model 33 lacked { } curly braces, | vertical bar, ` backtick, and ~ tilde, and they had ↑ up arrow instead of ^ caret and ← left arrow instead of _ underscore."

explains why Smalltalk used the up arrow and left arrow for fairly reasonable punctuation for return and assignment.

Up arrow was replaced much later by caret and left arrow was sadly replaced by :=

Some BCPL dialects/implementations used underscore instead of := for assignment. MUD 1 was written in such a dialect, see e.g. [0]; also, note that it allowed the use of "." in identifiers.

[0] https://github.com/PDP-10/MUD1/blob/master/MUD3.BCL#L96

hang about, the smalltalk return operator is why objc block syntax uses carets, isn't it? how did that only just click for me?

Hard to tell from a short comment, and maybe you already know, but a lot of obj-c is derived from smalltalk.

Interesting. I do not remember exactly what system or language I used in collage, but for some reason I thought a { and } was encoded as [[ and ]] or some kind of double character like that. I new Fortran at the time, but that other language needed '{}'.

You're likely thinking of trigraphs - alternatives to some characters: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1234582/purpose-of-trigr...